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Gene Symbol |
C3 |
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Aliases |
AHUS5, ARMD9, ASP, C3a, C3b, CPAMD1, HEL-S-62p |
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Entrez Gene ID |
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Gene Name |
Complement C3 |
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Chromosomal Location |
19p13.3 |
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HGNC ID |
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Summary |
Complement component C3 plays a central role in the activation of complement system. Its activation is required for both classical and alternative complement activation pathways. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate alpha and beta subunits that form the mature protein, which is then further processed to generate numerous peptide products. The C3a peptide, also known as the C3a anaphylatoxin, modulates inflammation and possesses antimicrobial activity. Mutations in this gene are associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and age-related macular degeneration in human patients. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]
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RefSeq DNA |
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RefSeq mRNA |
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e!Ensembl
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Gene Ontology (GO)
| GO ID |
Ontology |
Function |
Evidence |
Reference |
| GO:0001934 |
Biological process |
Positive regulation of protein phosphorylation |
IDA |
15833747 |
| GO:0006955 |
Biological process |
Immune response |
TAS |
4097977 |
| GO:0006956 |
Biological process |
Complement activation |
IBA |
21873635 |
| GO:0006956 |
Biological process |
Complement activation |
IMP |
19302245 |
| GO:0007165 |
Biological process |
Signal transduction |
TAS |
10085065 |
| GO:0010575 |
Biological process |
Positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production |
IDA |
16452172 |
| GO:0010828 |
Biological process |
Positive regulation of glucose transmembrane transport |
IDA |
9059512, 15833747 |
| GO:0010866 |
Biological process |
Regulation of triglyceride biosynthetic process |
IDA |
10432298 |
| GO:0010884 |
Biological process |
Positive regulation of lipid storage |
IDA |
9555951 |
| GO:0045745 |
Biological process |
Positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway |
IDA |
15833747 |
| GO:2000427 |
Biological process |
Positive regulation of apoptotic cell clearance |
IMP |
19302245 |
| GO:0005615 |
Cellular component |
Extracellular space |
HDA |
16502470, 23580065 |
| GO:0005615 |
Cellular component |
Extracellular space |
IBA |
21873635 |
| GO:0005615 |
Cellular component |
Extracellular space |
IDA |
25645918 |
| GO:0070062 |
Cellular component |
Extracellular exosome |
HDA |
21362503, 23533145 |
| GO:0072562 |
Cellular component |
Blood microparticle |
HDA |
22516433 |
| GO:0005102 |
Molecular function |
Signaling receptor binding |
TAS |
9164946 |
| GO:0005515 |
Molecular function |
Protein binding |
IPI |
7483825, 11705926, 12438350, 12540846, 16530040, 17051150, 19255449, 21317894, 26627825 |
| GO:0031715 |
Molecular function |
C5L2 anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor binding |
IDA |
15833747 |
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| Protein Information |
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Protein Name |
Complement C3, C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 1, C3a anaphylatoxin, acylation-stimulating protein cleavage product, complement component 3, complement component C3a, complement component C3b, epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 62p, prepro-C3 |
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Function |
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C3 plays a central role in the activation of the complement system. Its processing by C3 convertase is the central reaction in both classical and alternative complement pathways. After activation C3b can bind covalently, via its reactive thioester, to cell surface carbohydrates or immune aggregates.; Derived from proteolytic degradation of complement C3, C3a anaphylatoxin is a mediator of local inflammatory process. In chronic inflammation, acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils (By similarity). It induces the contraction of smooth muscle, increases vascular permeability and causes histamine release from mast cells and basophilic leukocytes. [C3-beta-c]: Acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils in chronic inflammation. [Acylation stimulating protein]: adipogenic hormone that stimulates triglyceride (TG) synthesis and glucose transport in adipocytes, regulating fat storage and playing a role in postprandial TG clearance. Appears to stimulate TG synthesis via activation of the PLC, MAPK and AKT signaling pathways. Ligand for C5AR2. Promotes the phosphorylation, ARRB2-mediated internalization and recycling of C5AR2 |
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UniProt |
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PDB |
2WIN, 2XWB, 2XWJ, 5M6W, 2WII, 2XQW, 3OXU, 3RJ3, 4ONT, 4ZH1, 5NBQ, 5O32, 5O35, 1C3D, 1GHQ, 1W2S, 2A73, 2A74, 2I07, 2ICE, 2ICF, 2NOJ, 2QKI, 2WY7, 2WY8, 3D5R, 3D5S, 3G6J, 3L3O, 3L5N, 3NMS, 3OED, 3OHX, 3T4A, 4HW5, 4HWJ, 4I6O, 4M76, 5FO7, 5FO8, 5FO9, 5FOA, 5FOB, 6EHG |
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Interactions |
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| STRING |
MINT |
IntAct |
| ENSP00000322788 |
P03956 |
P03956 |
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View interactions
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Associated Diseases
| Disease group | Disease Name | References |
| Digestive System Diseases |
| Hepatitis |
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| Liver Diseases |
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| Endocrine System Diseases |
| Diabetes Mellitus |
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| PCOS |
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| Eye Diseases |
| Macular Degeneration |
24036950, 24036949, 17767156, 24036952, 20385819, 29346644, 23455636, 20385826, 20861866, 26691988, 21665990, 22705344, 17634448 |
| Geographic Atrophy |
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| Immune System Diseases |
| Purpura |
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| Complement Component 3 Deficiency, Autosomal Recessive |
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| Glomerulonephritis |
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| Pemphigus |
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| Antibody Deficiency Syndrome |
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| Vasculitis |
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| Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes |
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| Nervous System Diseases |
| Cerebral Artery Infarction |
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| Cerebral Thrombosis |
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| Transient Ischemic Attack |
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| Brain Ischemia |
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| Middle Cerebral Artery Syndrome |
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| Brain Infarction |
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| Cerebral Ischemia |
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| Renal Disorder |
| Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome |
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| Kidney Failure |
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| Kidney Insufficiency |
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References |
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| Yang Shumin, Li Qifu, Song Ying, Tian Bo, Cheng Qingfeng, Qing Hua, Zhong Li, Xia Wei |
| Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China. |
| Fertil Steril. 2011 Apr;95(5):1749-53. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.01.136. |
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare the association of complement C3 (C3) versus high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with insulin resistance (IR) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING: Clinical research center in China. PATIENT(S): One hundred thirty-three women with PCOS and 116 healthy, age-matched controls were recruited. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): One hundred one women with PCOS and 20 controls underwent hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp to assess their insulin sensitivity, which was expressed as an M value. RESULT(S): Compared with controls, women with PCOS had a lower M value and higher C3 (1.37 +/- 0. 34 vs. 1.10 +/- 0.22 g/L) and hs-CRP levels (1.46 +/- 2.29 vs. 0.49 +/- 0.88 mg/L). In women with PCOS, C3 and hs-CRP negatively correlated with M value (r = -0.61 and r = -0.47, respectively). By regression analysis, C3 was found to have a greater impact on the M value (standardized coefficient beta = -0.24) than did hs-CRP (standardized coefficient beta = -0.13). After adjusting for body mass index (BMI), women with PCOS in the upper quartile were 4.30 times more likely to exhibit IR compared with those in the lower quartiles, whereas hs-CRP was not a statistically significant predictor of IR in women with PCOS. CONCLUSION(S): Compared with hs-CRP, serum C3 might be a stronger inflammatory marker of IR in women with PCOS. |
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| © 2019, Biomedical Informatics Centre, NIRRH |
National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai-400 012
Tel: 91-22-24192104, Fax No: 91-22-24139412
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