CHGA: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Database

Gene Information

Gene Symbol

CHGA

Aliases

CGA

Entrez Gene ID

1113

Gene Name

Chromogranin A

Chromosomal Location

14q32.12

HGNC ID

HGNC:1929

Summary

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the chromogranin/secretogranin family of neuroendocrine secretory proteins. It is found in secretory vesicles of neurons and endocrine cells. This gene product is a precursor to three biologically active peptides; vasostatin, pancreastatin, and parastatin. These peptides act as autocrine or paracrine negative modulators of the neuroendocrine system. Two other peptides, catestatin and chromofungin, have antimicrobial activity and antifungal activity, respectively. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

e!Ensembl

Gene	ENSG00000276781, ENSG00000100604
Transcript	ENST00000613166, ENST00000627311, ENST00000630996, ENST00000216492, ENST00000556076, ENST00000334654
Protein	ENSP00000478198, ENSP00000486340, ENSP00000486710, ENSP00000216492, ENSP00000450801, ENSP00000334023

Gene Ontology (GO)

Show/Hide all(17 )

GO ID	Ontology	Function	Evidence	Reference
GO:0002551	Biological process	Mast cell chemotaxis	IDA	21214543
GO:0008217	Biological process	Regulation of blood pressure	TAS	8406464
GO:0032762	Biological process	Mast cell cytokine production	IDA	21214543
GO:0033604	Biological process	Negative regulation of catecholamine secretion	IBA	21873635
GO:0033604	Biological process	Negative regulation of catecholamine secretion	IDA	15326220
GO:0043303	Biological process	Mast cell degranulation	IDA	21214543
GO:0045087	Biological process	Innate immune response	NAS	15723172
GO:0045576	Biological process	Mast cell activation	IDA	21214543
GO:0046676	Biological process	Negative regulation of insulin secretion	IBA	21873635
GO:0046888	Biological process	Negative regulation of hormone secretion	IBA	21873635
GO:0050829	Biological process	Defense response to Gram-negative bacterium	IDA	15723172
GO:0050830	Biological process	Defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	IDA	15723172
GO:0086030	Biological process	Adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle relaxation	IBA	21873635
GO:0005615	Cellular component	Extracellular space	IBA	21873635
GO:0030141	Cellular component	Secretory granule	IBA	21873635
GO:0042583	Cellular component	Chromaffin granule	IBA	21873635
GO:0048471	Cellular component	Perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IDA	20862257

Protein Information

Protein Name

Chromogranin-A, SP-I, betagranin (N-terminal fragment of chromogranin A), catestatin, chromofungin, parathyroid secretory protein 1, pituitary secretory protein I

Function

[Pancreastatin]: Strongly inhibits glucose induced insulin release from the pancreas.; [Catestatin]: Inhibits catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and noradrenergic neurons by acting as a non-competitive nicotinic cholinergic antagonist (PubMed:15326220). Displays antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria S.aureus and M.luteus, and Gram-negative bacteria E.coli and P.aeruginosa (PubMed:15723172 and PubMed:24723458). Can induce mast cell migration, degranulation and production of cytokines and chemokines (PubMed:21214543). Acts as a potent scavenger of free radicals in vitro (PubMed:24723458). May play a role in the regulation of cardiac function and blood pressure (PubMed:18541522). .; [Serpinin]: Regulates granule biogenesis in endocrine cells by up-regulating the transcription of protease nexin 1 (SERPINE2) via a cAMP-PKA-SP1 pathway. This leads to inhibition of granule protein degradation in the Golgi complex which in turn promotes granule formation.

UniProt

P10645

PDB

1LV4

Pfam

Pfam Accession	Pfam ID
PF01271	Granin