MAPK1: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Database

Gene Information

Gene Symbol

MAPK1

Aliases

ERK, ERK-2, ERK2, ERT1, MAPK2, P42MAPK, PRKM1, PRKM2, p38, p40, p41, p41mapk, p42-MAPK

Entrez Gene ID

5594

Gene Name

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1

Chromosomal Location

22q11.22

HGNC ID

HGNC:6871

Summary

This gene encodes a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. The activation of this kinase requires its phosphorylation by upstream kinases. Upon activation, this kinase translocates to the nucleus of the stimulated cells, where it phosphorylates nuclear targets. One study also suggests that this protein acts as a transcriptional repressor independent of its kinase activity. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein, but differing in the UTRs, have been reported for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]

RefSeq DNA

NG_023054.2

RefSeq mRNA

NM_002745.5, NM_002745.4, NM_138957.3

e!Ensembl

Gene	ENSG00000100030
Transcript	ENST00000215832, ENST00000398822, ENST00000544786
Protein	ENSP00000215832, ENSP00000381803, ENSP00000440842

Gene Ontology (GO)

Show/Hide all(48 )

GO ID	Ontology	Function	Evidence	Reference
GO:0006468	Biological process	Protein phosphorylation	IDA	23184662
GO:0006468	Biological process	Protein phosphorylation	TAS	11404397
GO:0006935	Biological process	Chemotaxis	TAS	10706854
GO:0007165	Biological process	Signal transduction	TAS	1540184
GO:0007268	Biological process	Chemical synaptic transmission	TAS	10051431
GO:0007611	Biological process	Learning or memory	NAS	11404397
GO:0010468	Biological process	Regulation of gene expression	IBA	21873635
GO:0010628	Biological process	Positive regulation of gene expression	IMP	24136195
GO:0010800	Biological process	Positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	IDA	16314496
GO:0018105	Biological process	Peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	IDA	15850461
GO:0032212	Biological process	Positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase	IMP	21531765
GO:0032872	Biological process	Regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade	TAS	19565474
GO:0034198	Biological process	Cellular response to amino acid starvation	IDA	11096076
GO:0034614	Biological process	Cellular response to reactive oxygen species	IMP	26514923
GO:0035556	Biological process	Intracellular signal transduction	IBA	21873635
GO:0038127	Biological process	ERBB signaling pathway	IDA	15133037
GO:0051403	Biological process	Stress-activated MAPK cascade	IDA	11096076
GO:0051493	Biological process	Regulation of cytoskeleton organization	TAS	19565474
GO:0051973	Biological process	Positive regulation of telomerase activity	IMP	21531765
GO:0070371	Biological process	ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	IDA	16314496
GO:0070849	Biological process	Response to epidermal growth factor	IDA	18794356
GO:0071276	Biological process	Cellular response to cadmium ion	IMP	26514923
GO:0071310	Biological process	Cellular response to organic substance	IBA	21873635
GO:0072584	Biological process	Caveolin-mediated endocytosis	TAS	19565474
GO:0090170	Biological process	Regulation of Golgi inheritance	TAS	19565474
GO:1903351	Biological process	Cellular response to dopamine	IMP	24136195
GO:1904355	Biological process	Positive regulation of telomere capping	IMP	21531765
GO:2000641	Biological process	Regulation of early endosome to late endosome transport	TAS	19565474
GO:0005634	Cellular component	Nucleus	HDA	16791210
GO:0005634	Cellular component	Nucleus	IBA	21873635
GO:0005634	Cellular component	Nucleus	IDA	18794356
GO:0005634	Cellular component	Nucleus	TAS	19565474
GO:0005737	Cellular component	Cytoplasm	HDA	16791210
GO:0005737	Cellular component	Cytoplasm	IBA	21873635
GO:0005737	Cellular component	Cytoplasm	IDA	18794356
GO:0005739	Cellular component	Mitochondrion	TAS	19565474
GO:0005769	Cellular component	Early endosome	TAS	19565474
GO:0005770	Cellular component	Late endosome	TAS	19565474
GO:0005794	Cellular component	Golgi apparatus	TAS	19565474
GO:0005829	Cellular component	Cytosol	TAS	19565474
GO:0005856	Cellular component	Cytoskeleton	TAS	19565474
GO:0005901	Cellular component	Caveola	TAS	19565474
GO:0005925	Cellular component	Focal adhesion	TAS	19565474
GO:0004674	Molecular function	Protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA	15850461, 18794356, 26996940
GO:0004707	Molecular function	MAP kinase activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0005515	Molecular function	Protein binding	IPI	9632734, 10415025, 10601328, 12592337, 15133037, 15713638, 16038800, 16286470, 16288922, 17255944, 17255949, 17620599, 18463290, 18616943, 18794356, 19494114, 21826244, 21988832, 22253824, 22521293, 23241949, 23397142, 23455922, 23560844, 23584453, 23602568, 23847209, 24735981, 2524
GO:0019902	Molecular function	Phosphatase binding	IPI	19494114
GO:0042802	Molecular function	Identical protein binding	IPI	16627622, 26267534

Protein Information

Protein Name

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, MAP kinase 1, MAP kinase 2, MAP kinase isoform p42, MAPK 2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2, mitogen-activated protein kinase 2, protein tyrosine kinase ERK2

Function

Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays also a role in initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors. About 160 substrates have already been discovered for ERKs. Many of these substrates are localized in the nucleus, and seem to participate in the regulation of transcription upon stimulation. However, other substrates are found in the cytosol as well as in other cellular organelles, and those are responsible for processes such as translation, mitosis and apoptosis. Moreover, the MAPK/ERK cascade is also involved in the regulation of the endosomal dynamics, including lysosome processing and endosome cycling through the perinuclear recycling compartment (PNRC); as well as in the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus during mitosis. The substrates include transcription factors (such as ATF2, BCL6, ELK1, ERF, FOS, HSF4 or SPZ1), cytoskeletal elements (such as CANX, CTTN, GJA1, MAP2, MAPT, PXN, SORBS3 or STMN1), regulators of apoptosis (such as BAD, BTG2, CASP9, DAPK1, IER3, MCL1 or PPARG), regulators of translation (such as EIF4EBP1) and a variety of other signaling-related molecules (like ARHGEF2, DCC, FRS2 or GRB10). Protein kinases (such as RAF1, RPS6KA1/RSK1, RPS6KA3/RSK2, RPS6KA2/RSK3, RPS6KA6/RSK4, SYK, MKNK1/MNK1, MKNK2/MNK2, RPS6KA5/MSK1, RPS6KA4/MSK2, MAPKAPK3 or MAPKAPK5) and phosphatases (such as DUSP1, DUSP4, DUSP6 or DUSP16) are other substrates which enable the propagation the MAPK/ERK signal to additional cytosolic and nuclear targets, thereby extending the specificity of the cascade. Mediates phosphorylation of TPR in respons to EGF stimulation. May play a role in the spindle assembly checkpoint. Phosphorylates PML and promotes its interaction with PIN1, leading to PML degradation. Phosphorylates CDK2AP2 (By similarity). .; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to a [GC]AAA[GC] consensus sequence. Repress the expression of interferon gamma-induced genes. Seems to bind to the promoter of CCL5, DMP1, IFIH1, IFITM1, IRF7, IRF9, LAMP3, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3 and STAT1. Transcriptional activity is independent of kinase activity.

Refseq Proteins

NP_002736.3, NP_620407.1

UniProt

P28482

PDB

3TEI, 4H3P, 4NIF, 5V61, 5V62, 1PME, 1TVO, 1WZY, 2OJG, 2OJI, 2OJJ, 2Y9Q, 3D42, 3D44, 3I5Z, 3I60, 3SA0, 3W55, 4FMQ, 4FUX, 4FUY, 4FV0, 4FV1, 4FV2, 4FV3, 4FV4, 4FV5, 4FV6, 4FV7, 4FV8, 4FV9, 4G6N, 4G6O, 4H3Q, 4IZ5, 4IZ7, 4IZA, 4N0S, 4O6E, 4QP1, 4QP2, 4QP3, 4QP4, 4QP6, 4QP7, 4QP8, 4QP9, 4QPA, 4QTA, 4QTE, 4XJ0,

Pfam

Pfam Accession	Pfam ID
PF00069	Pkinase