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Gene Symbol |
TPI1 |
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Aliases |
HEL-S-49, TIM, TPI, TPID |
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Entrez Gene ID |
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Gene Name |
Triosephosphate isomerase 1 |
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Chromosomal Location |
12p13.31 |
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HGNC ID |
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Summary |
This gene encodes an enzyme, consisting of two identical proteins, which catalyzes the isomerization of glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate (G3P) and dihydroxy-acetone phosphate (DHAP) in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Mutations in this gene are associated with triosephosphate isomerase deficiency. Pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 1, 4, 6 and 7. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]
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RefSeq DNA |
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RefSeq mRNA |
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e!Ensembl
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| Protein Information |
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Protein Name |
Triosephosphate isomerase, epididymis secretory protein Li 49, methylglyoxal synthase, triose-phosphate isomerase |
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Function |
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Triosephosphate isomerase is an extremely efficient metabolic enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion between dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. .; It is also responsible for the non-negligible production of methylglyoxal a reactive cytotoxic side-product that modifies and can alter proteins, DNA and lipids. |
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UniProt |
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PDB |
1KLG, 1KLU, 2IAM, 2IAN, 4E41, 1HTI, 1WYI, 2JK2, 2VOM, 4BR1, 4POC, 4POD, 4UNK, 4UNL, 4ZVJ, 6C2G, 6D43 |
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Interactions |
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| STRING |
MINT |
IntAct |
| ENSP00000338157 |
Q05516 |
Q05516 |
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View interactions
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Associated Diseases
| Disease group | Disease Name | References |
| Blood Disorders |
| Triosephosphate Isomerase Deficiency |
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| Anemia |
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| Endocrine System Diseases |
| PCOS |
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| Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| Osteoporosis |
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| Neoplasms |
| Esophagus Neoplasm |
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| Carcinoma |
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| Mouth Neoplasms |
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| Lung Cancer |
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| Nervous System Diseases |
| Foley-Denny-Brown Syndrome |
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| Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| Inborn Errors of Metabolism |
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| Psychiatric/Brain disorders |
| Alzheimer Disease |
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| Senile Dementia |
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| Schizophrenia |
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References |
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| Gupta Sajal, Ghulmiyyah Jana, Sharma Rakesh, Halabi Jacques, Agarwal Ashok |
| Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Desk X11, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.| Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Desk X11, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.| Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Desk X11, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.| Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Desk X11, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.| Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Desk X11, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. |
| Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:916212. doi: 10.1155/2014/916212. Epub 2014 May 12. |
Abstract
Endometriosis, PCOS, and unexplained infertility are currently the most common diseases rendering large numbers of women infertile worldwide. Oxidative stress, due to its deleterious effects on proteins and nucleic acids, is postulated to be the one of the important mechanistic pathways in differential expression of proteins and in these diseases. The emerging field of proteomics has allowed identification of proteins involved in cell cycle, as antioxidants, extracellular matrix (ECM), cytoskeleton, and their linkage to oxidative stress in female infertility related diseases. The aim of this paper is to assess the association of oxidative stress and protein expression in the reproductive microenvironments such as endometrial fluid, peritoneal fluid, and follicular fluid, as well as reproductive tissues and serum. The review also highlights the literature that proposes the use of the fertility related proteins as potential biomarkers for noninvasive and early diagnosis of the aforementioned diseases rather than utilizing the more invasive methods used currently. The review will highlight the power of proteomic profiles identified in infertility related disease conditions and their linkage with underlying oxidative stress. The power of proteomics will be reviewed with regard to eliciting molecular mechanisms for early detection and management of these infertility related conditions. |
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| © 2019, Biomedical Informatics Centre, NIRRH |
National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai-400 012
Tel: 91-22-24192104, Fax No: 91-22-24139412
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